AJAX对服务器返回XML的处理方法

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本文实例讲述了AJAX对服务器返回XML的处理方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:

在AJAX 中,服务器端如果返回的XML 文档,则可以通过异步对象的responseXML 属性来获取器XML 数据。而开发者可以利用DOM 的相关方法对其进行处理。

假设服务器返回的XML 文档,如下所示:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>
<list>
 <caption>Member List</caption>
 <member>
  <name>isaac</name>
  <class>W13</class>
  <birth>Jun 24th</birth>
  <constell>Cancer</constell>
  <mobile>1118159</mobile>
 </member>
 <member>
  <name>fresheggs</name>
  <class>W610</class>
  <birth>Nov 5th</birth>
  <constell>Scorpio</constell>
  <mobile>1038818</mobile>
 </member>
 <member>
  <name>girlwing</name>
  <class>W210</class>
  <birth>Sep 16th</birth>
  <constell>Virgo</constell>
  <mobile>1307994</mobile>
 </member>
 <member>
  <name>tastestory</name>
  <class>W15</class>
  <birth>Nov 29th</birth>
  <constell>Sagittarius</constell>
  <mobile>1095245</mobile>
 </member>
 <member>
  <name>lovehate</name>
  <class>W47</class>
  <birth>Sep 5th</birth>
  <constell>Virgo</constell>
  <mobile>6098017</mobile>
 </member>
 <member>
  <name>slepox</name>
  <class>W19</class>
  <birth>Nov 18th</birth>
  <constell>Scorpio</constell>
  <mobile>0658635</mobile>
 </member>
 <member>
  <name>smartlau</name>
  <class>W19</class>
  <birth>Dec 30th</birth>
  <constell>Capricorn</constell>
  <mobile>0006621</mobile>
 </member>
 <member>
  <name>tuonene</name>
  <class>W210</class>
  <birth>Nov 26th</birth>
  <constell>Sagittarius</constell>
  <mobile>0091704</mobile>
 </member>
 <member>
  <name>dovecho</name>
  <class>W19</class>
  <birth>Dec 9th</birth>
  <constell>Sagittarius</constell>
  <mobile>1892013</mobile>
 </member>
 <member>
  <name>shanghen</name>
  <class>W42</class>
  <birth>May 24th</birth>
  <constell>Gemini</constell>
  <mobile>1544254</mobile>
 </member>
 <member>
  <name>venessawj</name>
  <class>W45</class>
  <birth>Apr 1st</birth>
  <constell>Aries</constell>
  <mobile>1523753</mobile>
 </member>
 <member>
  <name>lightyear</name>
  <class>W311</class>
  <birth>Mar 23th</birth>
  <constell>Aries</constell>
  <mobile>1002908</mobile>
 </member>
</list>

客户端获得服务器端的该XML 数据,并将其显示在表格中。代码如下:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>responseXML</title>
<style>
<!--
.datalist{
 border:1px solid #744011; /* 表格边框 */
 font-family:Arial;
 border-collapse:collapse; /* 边框重叠 */
 background-color:#ffd2aa; /* 表格背景色 */
 font-size:14px;
}
.datalist th{
 border:1px solid #744011; /* 行名称边框 */
 background-color:#a16128; /* 行名称背景色 */
 color:#FFFFFF;    /* 行名称颜色 */
 font-weight:bold;
 padding-top:4px; padding-bottom:4px;
 padding-left:12px; padding-right:12px;
 text-align:center;
}
.datalist td{
 border:1px solid #744011; /* 单元格边框 */
 text-align:left;
 padding-top:4px; padding-bottom:4px;
 padding-left:10px; padding-right:10px;
}
.datalist tr:hover, .datalist tr.altrow{
 background-color:#dca06b; /* 动态变色 */
}
input{ /* 按钮的样式 */
 border:1px solid #744011;
 color:#744011;
}
-->
</style>
<script language="javascript">
var xmlHttp;
function createXMLHttpRequest(){
 if(window.ActiveXObject)
  xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp");
 else if(window.XMLHttpRequest)
  xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
}
function getXML(addressXML){
 var url = addressXML + "?timestamp=" + new Date();
 createXMLHttpRequest();
 xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange;
 xmlHttp.open("GET",url);
 xmlHttp.send(null);
}
function addTableRow(sName, sClass, sBirth, sConstell, sMobile){
 //表格添加一行的相关操作,可参看7.2.1节
 var oTable = document.getElementById("member");
 var oTr = oTable.insertRow(oTable.rows.length);  
 var aText = new Array();
 aText[0] = document.createTextNode(sName);
 aText[1] = document.createTextNode(sClass);
 aText[2] = document.createTextNode(sBirth);
 aText[3] = document.createTextNode(sConstell);
 aText[4] = document.createTextNode(sMobile);
 for(var i=0;i<aText.length;i++){
  var oTd = oTr.insertCell(i);
  oTd.appendChild(aText[i]);
 }
}
function DrawTable(myXML){
 //用DOM方法操作XML文档
 var oMembers = myXML.getElementsByTagName("member");
 var oMember = "", sName = "", sClass = "", sBirth = "", sConstell = "", sMobile = "";
 for(var i=0;i<oMembers.length;i++){
  oMember = oMembers[i];
  sName = oMember.getElementsByTagName("name")[0].firstChild.nodeValue;
  sClass = oMember.getElementsByTagName("class")[0].firstChild.nodeValue;
  sBirth = oMember.getElementsByTagName("birth")[0].firstChild.nodeValue;
  sConstell = oMember.getElementsByTagName("constell")[0].firstChild.nodeValue;
  sMobile = oMember.getElementsByTagName("mobile")[0].firstChild.nodeValue;
  //添加一行
  addTableRow(sName, sClass, sBirth, sConstell, sMobile);
 }
}
function handleStateChange(){  
 if(xmlHttp.readyState == 4 && xmlHttp.status == 200)
  DrawTable(xmlHttp.responseXML);//responseXML获取到XML文档
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="获取XML" onclick="getXML('9-4.xml');"><br><br>
<table class="datalist" summary="list of members in EE Studay" id="member">
 <tr>
  <th scope="col">Name</th>
  <th scope="col">Class</th>
  <th scope="col">Birthday</th>
  <th scope="col">Constellation</th>
  <th scope="col">Mobile</th>
 </tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

我们可以看到,在客户端获得XML 文件的代码如下:

<input type="button" value="获取XML" onclick="getXML('9-4.xml');">

也就是说,是直接取得XML 数据的。而实际开发中返回XML 数据的工作是通过服务器端(如:ASP.NET、JSP等)的代码动态生成的。换句话说,getXML('...') 中的文件地址应该是.aspx 或.jsp等动态页面的后缀。

使用jQuery 框架实现

如果在客户端使用jQuery 框架,实现AJAX 获得服务器端的XML数据。

代码如下:

<html>
<head>
 <title> demo </title>
 <meta name="Author" content="xugang" />
 <script language="javascript" src="jquery.min.js"></script>
 <script type="text/javascript">
 function getXML(addressXML){
 //使用jquery的ajax方法
 $.ajax({
   type:"GET",
   url:addressXML,
   dataType:"xml", //返回类型(区分大小写)
   success:function(myXML){
   //each 遍历每个<member>标记
   $(myXML).find("member").each(
   function(){
    var oMember="",sName="",sClass="",sBirth="",sConstell="",sMobile="";
    sName = $(this).find("name").text();
    sClass = $(this).find("class").text();
    sBirth = $(this).find("birth").text();
    sConstell = $(this).find("constell").text();
    sMobile = $(this).find("mobile").text();
    //添加行
    $("#member").append($("<tr><td>"+sName
     +"</td><td>" + sClass
     +"</td><td>" + sBirth
     +"</td><td>" + sConstell
     +"</td><td>" + sMobile +"</td></tr>"));
   }
   )
   }
 })
 }
 </script>
</head>
<body>
 <input type="button" value="获取XML" onclick="getXML('9-4.xml');">
 <br/>
 <TABLE class="datalist" id="member">
 <TR>
 <TH scope="col">Name</TH>
 <TH scope="col">Class</TH>
 <TH scope="col">Birthday</TH>
 <TH scope="col">Constellation</TH>
 <TH scope="col">Mobile</TH>
 </TR>
 </TABLE>
</body>
</html>

服务器端传递XML 数据的方式不变。

希望本文所述对大家的Ajax程序设计有所帮助。